![]() ![]() The internal formats for all fields are defined in the source code of SField.cpp. ![]() Internal FormatĮach field has an "internal" binary format used in the rippled source code to represent that field when signing (and in most other cases). Īdditionally, many client libraries provide serialization support under permissive open-source licenses, so you can import, use, or adapt the code for your needs. In Python 3 in this repository's code samples section.In JavaScript in this repository's code samples section.The serialization processes described here are implemented in multiple places and programming languages: ![]() Examplesīoth signed and unsigned transactions can be represented in both JSON and binary formats. (For example, the TxnSignature field, containing the signature itself, should not be present in the binary blob that you sign.) Thus, some fields are designated as "Signing" fields, which are included in objects when those objects are signed, and "non-signing" fields, which are not. However, only certain fields are appropriate for including in a transaction that gets signed. Note: The XRP Ledger uses the same serialization format to represent other types of data, such as ledger objects and processed transactions. After signing, you must re-serialize the transaction with the TxnSignature field included. For purposes of the XRP Ledger, you must also hash the data with the appropriate prefix ( 0x53545800 if single-signing, or 0x534D5400 if multi-signing). ![]() The result is a single binary blob that can be signed using well-known signature algorithms such as ECDSA (with the secp256k1 elliptic curve) and Ed25519. When signing, you can derive this key from the secret key that is provided for signing.Ĭonvert each field's data into its "internal" binary format.Ĭoncatenate the fields (including prefixes) in their sorted order. Note: The SigningPubKey must also be provided at this step. The Transaction Formats Reference defines the required and optional fields for XRP Ledger transactions. Make sure all required fields are provided, including any required but "auto-fillable" fields. The process of serializing a transaction from JSON or any other representation into their canonical binary format can be summarized with these steps: However, JSON is unsuitable as a format for serializing transactions for being digitally signed, because JSON can represent the same data in many different but equivalent ways. The rippled APIs typically use JSON to communicate with client applications. This binary format is necessary to create and verify digital signatures of those transactions' contents, and is also used in other places including in the peer-to-peer communications between servers. This page describes the XRP Ledger's canonical binary format for transactions and other data. ![]()
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